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104 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. mistake not—and that the adjacent soil was wet. This pipe was 17 feet long. The first five feet from the down {>ipe being of iron, and the remaining 12 of 6 joints of terra cotta, which latter section, beginning not quite a foot under the surface of the ground, rapidly descended to the main sewer at a depth of 4 feet. It ran under the butler's pantry or serving room of the dining room, the flofr of which is about 2i feet above the ground, parallel to and 18 inches distant from one wall of a closet under the steps leading from the dining room to the dormitory above. In this closet, for the lack of any other approximately cool p'ace, the butter was kept—only, however, for a few days at most, after being received fr^m the dairies before being consumed. The cakes of butter, with very rare exceptions, were wrapped in impervious parchment or paraffin paper. In the wall of the biuter closet adjacent to the soil pipe an opening 20 by 42 inches, the bottom being on the floor, which was practically on a level wMth the ground, had been cut for ventilation. Opposite this opening and in a line across the leaking soil pipe and the saturated earth, and about 20 feet distant, was the only opening in the foundation wall of that section of the building. In this discussion of the sewerage, I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to Col. A. W. Shaffer, the sanitary engineer of the Board of Health, and to Mr. J. L, Ludlow, C. E., of Winston, an ex-engineer of the board, and now so well and favorably known in that capacity throughout our State and other Southern States, who was employed by the College to make an inspection. flies. Flies convey the germs by walking over the bowel discharges of a typhoid fever case and carrying them on their feet to food in the kitchen or dining room. I made care- ful inquiry as to the occurrence of typhoid in the neighborhood of the college I could learn only of one case, in the person of the night watchman, who was sick in August. I sent for and questioned him as to the disposal of his dejections, and was informed that they were invariably placed in a hole dug in his garden, disinfected and covered up with earth. Flies did not frequent the sewage-wet earth, around the leaking soil pipe, because it was too dark for them. The fly u.ust be excluded in this instance as a cause' In passing, I should say that there was no possibility of the contamination of the drinking water by this patient. the milk. There was no reason to suspect the milk, all of which was obtained from the college dairy, and the fact that only fourteen of thirty-eight patients drank milk when well^ and the further fact that not a single case of sickness occurred in four families who bought milk from the College negatives this possible and not infrequently probable source of infection. the drinking water. The water supply was obtained from the city water-works and three wells, one at the Teagne house, across the street from the College, rented for a dormitory, located within ten feet of the house sewer; one at the wooden dormitory, within twenty feet of one of the main sewers; and one in the open space between the administration building, the brick dormitory and the dining-room, about 125 feet from the leaking soil pipe and fully as far from the sewer of the main building. This well is about 40 feet in depth, 15 feet being in earth and the rest in what appeared to be solid rock. Samples from all four of these sources were sent to the State Chemist for analysis by Dr.McIver as soon as the diagnosis of typhoid fever was made, and the analyses were made on
Object Description
Rating | |
Fixed Title * | NCHH-03: Bulletin of the North Carolina Board of Health [1886-1913] |
Document Title | Bulletin of the North Carolina Board of Health [1886-1913] |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Description | Published: 1886-1913. |
Contributor | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Wilmington, N.C. : Secretary of the Board, 1886-1913. |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1899-1900 |
Identifier | NCHH-03-014 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 14 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-03/nchh-03-014.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-b; nchh-03 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-03-014 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-03 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb1324480 |
Description
Fixed Title * | Page 104 |
Document Title | Bulletin of the North Carolina Board of Health [1886-1913] |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Description | Published: 1886-1913. |
Contributor | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Wilmington, N.C. : Secretary of the Board, 1886-1913. |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1899 |
Identifier | NCHH-03-014-0114 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Page Type | all; report/review; editorial |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Filename | bulletinofnorthc14nort_0114.jp2 |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 14 |
Issue Number | 9 |
Page Number | 104 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Full Text | 104 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. mistake not—and that the adjacent soil was wet. This pipe was 17 feet long. The first five feet from the down {>ipe being of iron, and the remaining 12 of 6 joints of terra cotta, which latter section, beginning not quite a foot under the surface of the ground, rapidly descended to the main sewer at a depth of 4 feet. It ran under the butler's pantry or serving room of the dining room, the flofr of which is about 2i feet above the ground, parallel to and 18 inches distant from one wall of a closet under the steps leading from the dining room to the dormitory above. In this closet, for the lack of any other approximately cool p'ace, the butter was kept—only, however, for a few days at most, after being received fr^m the dairies before being consumed. The cakes of butter, with very rare exceptions, were wrapped in impervious parchment or paraffin paper. In the wall of the biuter closet adjacent to the soil pipe an opening 20 by 42 inches, the bottom being on the floor, which was practically on a level wMth the ground, had been cut for ventilation. Opposite this opening and in a line across the leaking soil pipe and the saturated earth, and about 20 feet distant, was the only opening in the foundation wall of that section of the building. In this discussion of the sewerage, I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to Col. A. W. Shaffer, the sanitary engineer of the Board of Health, and to Mr. J. L, Ludlow, C. E., of Winston, an ex-engineer of the board, and now so well and favorably known in that capacity throughout our State and other Southern States, who was employed by the College to make an inspection. flies. Flies convey the germs by walking over the bowel discharges of a typhoid fever case and carrying them on their feet to food in the kitchen or dining room. I made care- ful inquiry as to the occurrence of typhoid in the neighborhood of the college I could learn only of one case, in the person of the night watchman, who was sick in August. I sent for and questioned him as to the disposal of his dejections, and was informed that they were invariably placed in a hole dug in his garden, disinfected and covered up with earth. Flies did not frequent the sewage-wet earth, around the leaking soil pipe, because it was too dark for them. The fly u.ust be excluded in this instance as a cause' In passing, I should say that there was no possibility of the contamination of the drinking water by this patient. the milk. There was no reason to suspect the milk, all of which was obtained from the college dairy, and the fact that only fourteen of thirty-eight patients drank milk when well^ and the further fact that not a single case of sickness occurred in four families who bought milk from the College negatives this possible and not infrequently probable source of infection. the drinking water. The water supply was obtained from the city water-works and three wells, one at the Teagne house, across the street from the College, rented for a dormitory, located within ten feet of the house sewer; one at the wooden dormitory, within twenty feet of one of the main sewers; and one in the open space between the administration building, the brick dormitory and the dining-room, about 125 feet from the leaking soil pipe and fully as far from the sewer of the main building. This well is about 40 feet in depth, 15 feet being in earth and the rest in what appeared to be solid rock. Samples from all four of these sources were sent to the State Chemist for analysis by Dr.McIver as soon as the diagnosis of typhoid fever was made, and the analyses were made on |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-03/nchh-03-014.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-b; nchh-03 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-03-014 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-03 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb1324480 |
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