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such action must be assumed to have been present until a century ago. If so where is the evidence? Relatively simple dietary changes could have highly beneficial effects and these would include: 1. A greatly increased consumption of bread, but substituting whole meal, or near whole meal, for white flour. 2. Liberal consumption of fiber-rich breakfast cereals, either oatmeal porridge or packaged breakfast foods, preferably with the addition of one heaped tablespoonful of miller's brand per person daily. 3. Reduction of sugar intake by about a half. 4. Liberal consumption of potatoes, preferably retaining their skins, and neither cooked in, nor eaten with, fat. 5. A reduction in consumption of fat to compensate for increased energy intake from carbohydrates. This entails cutting down meat consumption since nearly 40% of even lean meat as currently produced in Western countries is composed of fat. Moreover, meat is the most uneconomical manner in which to obtain nutrition. 6. A radical reduction in confectionery composed of white flour. sugar and fat. Total prohibition is not practicable since to encourage compliance idealism must be wedded to acceptability. Such protective measures would correspond to erecting a fence round the edge of a cliff to prevent men falling over, whereas therapeutic medicine, which is pre-emi-nently directed to salvaging casualties, can be likened to the stationing of ambulances at the foot of the cliff. The money spent on the latter and less effective approach is over 100 times that devoted to the former. Do we not deserve the ironical comment of the American poet Ogden Nash who wrote — "We are making great progress, but we are headed in the wrong direction.''? References 1. Zimmei P: Pacific islands of Naui-U, Gui-alaand West-em Samoa. Trowell HC, Burkitt DP, eds. Western diseases: their emergence and prevention. London. Edward Arnold. (In Press). 2. Cleave TL: The saccharine disease: the master disease of our time. New Canaan, Keats Publishing Inc., 1975. 3. Burkitt DP: Some diseases characteristic of modern western civilization. Br Med J 1:274-278, 1973. 4. Burkitt DP. Trowell HC. eds. Refined carbohydrate foods and disease: some implications of dietary fibre. London. New York, Academic Press, 1975. 5. Stemmermann GN: Patterns of disease amongJapanese living in Hawaii. Arch Environ Health 20:266-273.1970. 6. Burkitt DP: Relationship as a clue to causation. Lancet 2:1237-1240, 1970. 7. Burkitt DP: Relationships between diseases and their etiological significance. Am J Clin Nutr 30:262-267, 1977. 8. Zimmet PZ, Whitehouse S. Jackson L, Thoma K: High prevalence of hyperuricaemia and gout in an urbanised Micronesion population. Br Med J 1:1237-1239, 1978. 9. Reid JM, Fullmer SD, Pettigrew KD, el al: Nutrient 10. intake of Pima Indian women: relationships to diabetes mellitus and gallbladder disease. Am J Clin Nutr 24:1281-1289, 1971. Southgate DA. Bailey B. Colinson E. Walker AF: A guide to calculating intakes of dietary fibre. J Human Nutr 30:303-313, 1976. 11. Burkitt DP, Walker AR, Painter NS: Dietary fiber and disease. JAMA 229:1068-1074, 1974. 12. Fedail SS, Harvey RF. Bums-Cox CJ: Abdominal and thoracic pressures during defaecation. Br Med J 1:91, 1979. 13. Burkitt DP: Varicose veins: facts and fantasy. Arch Surg 111:1327-1332, 1976. 14. Painter NS: Diverticular disease of the colon: a deficiency disease of western civilization. London. Heinemann Medical Books, 1975. 15. Gear JS. Ware A, Fursdon P, et al: Symptomless diverticular disease and intake of dietary fibre. Lancet 1:511-514, 1979. 16. Thomson WH: The nature of haemorrhoids. Br J Surg 62:542-552, 1975. 17. Huibregste K: Non-surgical therapeutic possibilities in haemorrhoidaJ disease. In haemorrhoids: current concepts of causation and management. London. Roy Soc Med International Congress and Symposium Series, No. 12. pp 27-30. 1979. 18. Hill MJ: Bacteria and the etiology of colonic cancer. Cancer 34:(Supp)815-818, 1974. 19. Bruce WR. Varghese AJ. Want S. Dion P: The endogenous production of nitroso compounds in the colon and cancer at that site. Tokyo: Proceedings of the Princess Takamtsu Conference, January. 1979. 20. Cruse P. Lewin M. Clark CG: Dietary cholesterol is co-carcinogenic for human colon cancer. Lancet 1:752-755, 1979. 21. Maclennan R, Jenson OM, Mosbech J, Vuori H: Diet, transmit time, stool weight and colon cancer in the two Scandanavian populations. Am J Clin Nutr 31: (Supp)S239-S24l. 1978. 22. Pomare EW. Heaton KW: Alteration of bile salt metabolism by dietary fibre (bran). Br Med J 4:262-264. 1973. 23. Burkitt DP: Fibre in the aetiology of colo-rectal cancer. Progress in cancer research and therapy. New York. Raven Press. (In Press). 24. ErshoffBH: Antitoxic effects of plant fiber. Am J Clin Nutr 27:1395-1398, 1974. 25. Heaton KW: Food fibre as an obstacle to energy intake. Lancet 2:1418-1421, 1973. 26. Jung RT, Shetty PS. James WP, et al: Reduced ther-mogenesis in obesity. Nature 279:322-333, 1979. 27. Jenkins DJA. WoleverTMS. Leeds AR. et al: Dietary fibres, fibre analogues and glucose tolerance: importance of viscosity. Br Med J 1:1392-1394, 1978. Kiehm TG. Anderson J W. Ward K: Beneficial effects of a high carbohydrate, high fiber diet on hyperglycemic diabetic men. Am J Clin Nutr 29:895-899, 1976. 29. Heaton KW: Are gallstones preventable? World Med 14:21-23, 1978. 30. Yamamoto S: "Japan." In western diseases: their emergence and prevention. (Eds. Trowell HC, Burkitt DP). London. Edward Arnold. (In Press). 28 July 1981. NCMJ 471
Object Description
Rating | |
Fixed Title * | NCHH-17: North Carolina Medical Journal [1940-Present] |
Document Title | North Carolina Medical Journal [1940-Present] |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- Periodicals.; Physicians -- North Carolina -- Directory.; Societies, Medical -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Description | Includes Transactions of the Society, -1960; 1961- , Transactions issued separately, bound in.; Includes Transactions of the auxiliary to the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina and Proceedings of the North Carolina Public Health Association. Official organ of the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina, 1940-May 1972; of the North Carolina Medical Society, June 1972-. Vols. for 1940-May 1972 published by the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina; June 1972- by the North Carolina Medical Society. |
Contributor | Medical Society of the State of North Carolina. Transactions.; Medical Society of the State of North Carolina.; North Carolina Medical Society.; North Carolina Medical Society. Transactions.; North Carolina Public Health Association. Proceedings. |
Publisher | [Winston-Salem] : North Carolina Medical Society [etc.], 1940- |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1981 |
Identifier | NCHH-17-042 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 42 |
Health Discipline | Medicine |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-17/nchh-17-042.pdf |
Document Sort | all; nchh-17 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-17-042 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-17 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb1306322 |
Revision History | done |
Description
Fixed Title * | Page 471 |
Document Title | North Carolina Medical Journal [1940-Present] |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- Periodicals.; Physicians -- North Carolina -- Directory.; Societies, Medical -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Description | Includes Transactions of the Society, -1960; 1961- , Transactions issued separately, bound in.; Includes Transactions of the auxiliary to the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina and Proceedings of the North Carolina Public Health Association. Official organ of the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina, 1940-May 1972; of the North Carolina Medical Society, June 1972-. Vols. for 1940-May 1972 published by the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina; June 1972- by the North Carolina Medical Society. |
Contributor | Medical Society of the State of North Carolina. Transactions.; Medical Society of the State of North Carolina.; North Carolina Medical Society.; North Carolina Medical Society. Transactions.; North Carolina Public Health Association. Proceedings. |
Publisher | [Winston-Salem] : North Carolina Medical Society [etc.], 1940- |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1981 |
Identifier | NCHH-17-042-0039 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Page Type | all; article |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Filename | ncmed421981mediv2_0039.jp2 |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 42 |
Issue Number | 7 |
Page Number | 471 |
Health Discipline | Medicine |
Full Text | such action must be assumed to have been present until a century ago. If so where is the evidence? Relatively simple dietary changes could have highly beneficial effects and these would include: 1. A greatly increased consumption of bread, but substituting whole meal, or near whole meal, for white flour. 2. Liberal consumption of fiber-rich breakfast cereals, either oatmeal porridge or packaged breakfast foods, preferably with the addition of one heaped tablespoonful of miller's brand per person daily. 3. Reduction of sugar intake by about a half. 4. Liberal consumption of potatoes, preferably retaining their skins, and neither cooked in, nor eaten with, fat. 5. A reduction in consumption of fat to compensate for increased energy intake from carbohydrates. This entails cutting down meat consumption since nearly 40% of even lean meat as currently produced in Western countries is composed of fat. Moreover, meat is the most uneconomical manner in which to obtain nutrition. 6. A radical reduction in confectionery composed of white flour. sugar and fat. Total prohibition is not practicable since to encourage compliance idealism must be wedded to acceptability. Such protective measures would correspond to erecting a fence round the edge of a cliff to prevent men falling over, whereas therapeutic medicine, which is pre-emi-nently directed to salvaging casualties, can be likened to the stationing of ambulances at the foot of the cliff. The money spent on the latter and less effective approach is over 100 times that devoted to the former. Do we not deserve the ironical comment of the American poet Ogden Nash who wrote — "We are making great progress, but we are headed in the wrong direction.''? References 1. Zimmei P: Pacific islands of Naui-U, Gui-alaand West-em Samoa. Trowell HC, Burkitt DP, eds. Western diseases: their emergence and prevention. London. Edward Arnold. (In Press). 2. Cleave TL: The saccharine disease: the master disease of our time. New Canaan, Keats Publishing Inc., 1975. 3. Burkitt DP: Some diseases characteristic of modern western civilization. Br Med J 1:274-278, 1973. 4. Burkitt DP. Trowell HC. eds. Refined carbohydrate foods and disease: some implications of dietary fibre. London. New York, Academic Press, 1975. 5. Stemmermann GN: Patterns of disease amongJapanese living in Hawaii. Arch Environ Health 20:266-273.1970. 6. Burkitt DP: Relationship as a clue to causation. Lancet 2:1237-1240, 1970. 7. Burkitt DP: Relationships between diseases and their etiological significance. Am J Clin Nutr 30:262-267, 1977. 8. Zimmet PZ, Whitehouse S. Jackson L, Thoma K: High prevalence of hyperuricaemia and gout in an urbanised Micronesion population. Br Med J 1:1237-1239, 1978. 9. Reid JM, Fullmer SD, Pettigrew KD, el al: Nutrient 10. intake of Pima Indian women: relationships to diabetes mellitus and gallbladder disease. Am J Clin Nutr 24:1281-1289, 1971. Southgate DA. Bailey B. Colinson E. Walker AF: A guide to calculating intakes of dietary fibre. J Human Nutr 30:303-313, 1976. 11. Burkitt DP, Walker AR, Painter NS: Dietary fiber and disease. JAMA 229:1068-1074, 1974. 12. Fedail SS, Harvey RF. Bums-Cox CJ: Abdominal and thoracic pressures during defaecation. Br Med J 1:91, 1979. 13. Burkitt DP: Varicose veins: facts and fantasy. Arch Surg 111:1327-1332, 1976. 14. Painter NS: Diverticular disease of the colon: a deficiency disease of western civilization. London. Heinemann Medical Books, 1975. 15. Gear JS. Ware A, Fursdon P, et al: Symptomless diverticular disease and intake of dietary fibre. Lancet 1:511-514, 1979. 16. Thomson WH: The nature of haemorrhoids. Br J Surg 62:542-552, 1975. 17. Huibregste K: Non-surgical therapeutic possibilities in haemorrhoidaJ disease. In haemorrhoids: current concepts of causation and management. London. Roy Soc Med International Congress and Symposium Series, No. 12. pp 27-30. 1979. 18. Hill MJ: Bacteria and the etiology of colonic cancer. Cancer 34:(Supp)815-818, 1974. 19. Bruce WR. Varghese AJ. Want S. Dion P: The endogenous production of nitroso compounds in the colon and cancer at that site. Tokyo: Proceedings of the Princess Takamtsu Conference, January. 1979. 20. Cruse P. Lewin M. Clark CG: Dietary cholesterol is co-carcinogenic for human colon cancer. Lancet 1:752-755, 1979. 21. Maclennan R, Jenson OM, Mosbech J, Vuori H: Diet, transmit time, stool weight and colon cancer in the two Scandanavian populations. Am J Clin Nutr 31: (Supp)S239-S24l. 1978. 22. Pomare EW. Heaton KW: Alteration of bile salt metabolism by dietary fibre (bran). Br Med J 4:262-264. 1973. 23. Burkitt DP: Fibre in the aetiology of colo-rectal cancer. Progress in cancer research and therapy. New York. Raven Press. (In Press). 24. ErshoffBH: Antitoxic effects of plant fiber. Am J Clin Nutr 27:1395-1398, 1974. 25. Heaton KW: Food fibre as an obstacle to energy intake. Lancet 2:1418-1421, 1973. 26. Jung RT, Shetty PS. James WP, et al: Reduced ther-mogenesis in obesity. Nature 279:322-333, 1979. 27. Jenkins DJA. WoleverTMS. Leeds AR. et al: Dietary fibres, fibre analogues and glucose tolerance: importance of viscosity. Br Med J 1:1392-1394, 1978. Kiehm TG. Anderson J W. Ward K: Beneficial effects of a high carbohydrate, high fiber diet on hyperglycemic diabetic men. Am J Clin Nutr 29:895-899, 1976. 29. Heaton KW: Are gallstones preventable? World Med 14:21-23, 1978. 30. Yamamoto S: "Japan." In western diseases: their emergence and prevention. (Eds. Trowell HC, Burkitt DP). London. Edward Arnold. (In Press). 28 July 1981. NCMJ 471 |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-17/nchh-17-042.pdf |
Document Sort | all; nchh-17 |
Article Title | The Protective Properties Of Dietary Fiber |
Article Author | Denis P. Burkiu |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-17-042 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-17 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb1306322 |
Revision History | done |
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