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November, 1945 The Health Bulletin 11 and equipment were secured by the Malaria Control in War Areas organization already in operation in the state and administered under the supervision of its state director. The first shipment of DDT was received in North Carolina in March 1945. Headquarters for the spraying unit was set up in Goldsboro with office space generously supplied by the Wayne County Health Department. This choice proved to be satisfactory because it was centrally located and also because the nearby Seymour Johnson Army Air Base permitted the use of buildings for storage of materials and equipment. In order to insure the proper introduction of the program to the individuals whose homes were to be sprayed an educational project was organized to run concurrently with the spraying. Health officers in adjacent areas cooperated fully by making the health educators on their staffs available for malaria field work. Neighborhood leaders were contacted by these workers and literature distributed. Other standard educational techniques were also used as indicated. The householders obtained the basic facts about DDT and learned what could be expected during the actual spraying operation. Before the actual spraying was begun the homes that had been selected were located on a map and assigned a number. In this way the spraying crews could be assured of positive identification of the homes and of finding them without unnecessary delay. Because of the scattered location of the communities it was found best to set up three spraying crew units, one each at Lum-berton, Goldsboro, and Rocky Mount. Each unit was made up of three men, a foreman and two laborers. Their equipment consisted of a half-ton truck, four portable sprayers similar to a tobacco sprayer, and provision for carrying the DDT supply into the field. Safety items were also supplied such as gloves, respirators, goggles, and cover cloths for furniture. The DDT was mixed at Goldsboro and brought to the unit headquarters in the form of a concentrated 35 per cent solution ready to be diluted with water on the location where it was to be applied. The crews went through a training period at Goldsboro and each member was taught how to use the spraying equipment. Special emphasis was put on the proper rate of application of the DDT. Practice was carried oui: on applying an optimum amount of the spray in the minimum of time. Information has been obtained from the U. S. Public Health Service Laboratories that the best rate of application allows one-tenth of a gram of DDT per square foot and that the operator should cover 230 square feet per minute with the ideal type of spraying apparatus. These figures are based on the use of a 2.5 per cent solution of the insecticide. Another important phase of the instruction dealt with the variety of surface encountered in the homes and the corresponding modifications needed in the spraying technique. Last but not least, the crews were instructed 'in being courteous and tactful in their approach to and dealings with the householders. The first spraying began late in March and by late July one round of spraying had been completed covering a total of nearly 3,000 homes. Each householder was given notice of the arrival of the spraying xrew one day in advance and was also asked to prepare the house for spraying by removing objects from the walls and centering furniture in the rooms for covering by the crew. All rooms in the houses were sprayed as well as porches and privies. The actual spraying time averaged about ten minutes per house. Inasmuch as DDT has a residual effec! limited to about four months a second round was begun at the completion of the first, so that the anti-mosquito action would operative for the entire duration of the breeding season. Work was scheduled to terminate as soon as cool weather set in. It is expected that by the end of the spraying season approximately 4,500 homes will have received treatment. It is interesting to note that during the first round about 90 per cent of the householders accepted the spraying, whereas on the second round 99 per cent were agree-
Object Description
Rating | |
Fixed Title * | NCHH-04: The Health Bulletin [1914-1973] |
Document Title | The Health Bulletin [1914-1973] |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Contributor | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh, North Carolina State Board of Health. |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1945 |
Identifier | NCHH-04-060 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 60 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-04/nchh-04-060.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-b; nchh-04 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-04-060 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-04 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb1296443 |
Description
Fixed Title * | Page 13 |
Document Title | The Health Bulletin [1914-1973] |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Contributor | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh, North Carolina State Board of Health. |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1945 |
Identifier | NCHH-04-060-0163 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Page Type | all; article |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Filename | healthbulletinse60nort_0163.jp2 |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 60 |
Issue Number | 10 |
Page Number | 13 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Full Text | November, 1945 The Health Bulletin 11 and equipment were secured by the Malaria Control in War Areas organization already in operation in the state and administered under the supervision of its state director. The first shipment of DDT was received in North Carolina in March 1945. Headquarters for the spraying unit was set up in Goldsboro with office space generously supplied by the Wayne County Health Department. This choice proved to be satisfactory because it was centrally located and also because the nearby Seymour Johnson Army Air Base permitted the use of buildings for storage of materials and equipment. In order to insure the proper introduction of the program to the individuals whose homes were to be sprayed an educational project was organized to run concurrently with the spraying. Health officers in adjacent areas cooperated fully by making the health educators on their staffs available for malaria field work. Neighborhood leaders were contacted by these workers and literature distributed. Other standard educational techniques were also used as indicated. The householders obtained the basic facts about DDT and learned what could be expected during the actual spraying operation. Before the actual spraying was begun the homes that had been selected were located on a map and assigned a number. In this way the spraying crews could be assured of positive identification of the homes and of finding them without unnecessary delay. Because of the scattered location of the communities it was found best to set up three spraying crew units, one each at Lum-berton, Goldsboro, and Rocky Mount. Each unit was made up of three men, a foreman and two laborers. Their equipment consisted of a half-ton truck, four portable sprayers similar to a tobacco sprayer, and provision for carrying the DDT supply into the field. Safety items were also supplied such as gloves, respirators, goggles, and cover cloths for furniture. The DDT was mixed at Goldsboro and brought to the unit headquarters in the form of a concentrated 35 per cent solution ready to be diluted with water on the location where it was to be applied. The crews went through a training period at Goldsboro and each member was taught how to use the spraying equipment. Special emphasis was put on the proper rate of application of the DDT. Practice was carried oui: on applying an optimum amount of the spray in the minimum of time. Information has been obtained from the U. S. Public Health Service Laboratories that the best rate of application allows one-tenth of a gram of DDT per square foot and that the operator should cover 230 square feet per minute with the ideal type of spraying apparatus. These figures are based on the use of a 2.5 per cent solution of the insecticide. Another important phase of the instruction dealt with the variety of surface encountered in the homes and the corresponding modifications needed in the spraying technique. Last but not least, the crews were instructed 'in being courteous and tactful in their approach to and dealings with the householders. The first spraying began late in March and by late July one round of spraying had been completed covering a total of nearly 3,000 homes. Each householder was given notice of the arrival of the spraying xrew one day in advance and was also asked to prepare the house for spraying by removing objects from the walls and centering furniture in the rooms for covering by the crew. All rooms in the houses were sprayed as well as porches and privies. The actual spraying time averaged about ten minutes per house. Inasmuch as DDT has a residual effec! limited to about four months a second round was begun at the completion of the first, so that the anti-mosquito action would operative for the entire duration of the breeding season. Work was scheduled to terminate as soon as cool weather set in. It is expected that by the end of the spraying season approximately 4,500 homes will have received treatment. It is interesting to note that during the first round about 90 per cent of the householders accepted the spraying, whereas on the second round 99 per cent were agree- |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-04/nchh-04-060.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-b; nchh-04 |
Article Title | The DDT Residual Spraying Program For Malaria Control In North Carolina |
Article Author | Jensen, Jens A. |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-04-060 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-04 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb1296443 |
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