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THE HEALTH BULLETi:^^ 11 NOTICE TO PHYSICIANS Influence of A?e and Temperature on Antitoxin and Vaccine HE best temperature for the storage of all these biological products is between 32° and 41° Fahrenheit (0° to 15° C.). The average ice box, which with ice constantly present maintains a temperature between 32° and 60° F., is conceded to be satisfactory for all practical purposes. Diphtheria Antitoxin and Tetanus Antitoxin will lose about 10% of their potency in twelve months in ice box; they will lose about 10% in six months in room without ice in winter; and they will lose about 10% in three months in room without ice in summer. To offset this deterioration ''it is the custom of licensed manufacturers of diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin to place in their packages of antitoxin from 20 to 30 per cent excess." If fresh antitoxin is not at hand, there need be no hesitation in using old stock provided allowance is made for loss of potency, according to method of storing. Change of color and slight sediment in diphtheria antitoxin does not necessarily indicate contamination. The risk would be greater if injected intravenously than if injected subcutan-eously. SmaMpox Vaccine is good for two months if kept in ice box, but will lose potency in less than a week at room temperature in summer. In regard to Typhoid Vaccine, no satisfactory data is procurable, inasmuch as there is no potency standard for measuring its efficiency. The commercial typhoid vaccines are recommended as good for use for twelve months. The State Laboratory of Hygiene follows the U. S. Army in discarding all typhoid vaccine which is more than four months old. It is believed that no appreciable deterioration occurs during the one or two days necessary for transportation, but it is recommended that it be stored in ice box. Dr. C. a. Shore, Director State Laboratory of Hygiene, SANITATIOJf OF THE COUNTRY HOME What the Farmer Can Do to Make His Home Sanitary r is a new story especially to most X country people that the city is healthier than the country. It has not been long, however, since the reverse of this story was true, when country people were healthier than city people—when country people held it in mind that cities were in health as well as in morals Sodoms and Gomorrahs, centers of degeneration, due to wither and decay. But the tables have turned somewhat. Statistics show that the rural death-rate is higher than the urban, except in the small towns where there are no sanitary measures enforced and no pro- CLOSED WELLS ARt SAEEI? tected water supplies. This difference is particularly noticeable in the death-rate from typhoid fever and diarrheal or baby diseases.
Object Description
Rating | |
Fixed Title * | NCHH-04: The Health Bulletin [1914-1973] |
Document Title | The Health Bulletin [1914-1973] |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Contributor | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh, North Carolina State Board of Health. |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1915-1916 |
Identifier | NCHH-04-030 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 30 |
Health Discipline | Medicine |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-04/nchh-04-030.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-b; nchh-04 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-04-030 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-04 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb1296443 |
Description
Fixed Title * | Page 4 (image) |
Document Title | The Health Bulletin [1914-1973] |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina -- Periodicals. |
Contributor | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh, North Carolina State Board of Health. |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1915-1916 |
Identifier | NCHH-04-030-0010 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Page Type | all; all images; illustration; editorial |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Filename | healthbulletinse30nort_0010.jp2 |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 30 |
Issue Number | 1 |
Page Number | 4 |
Health Discipline | Medicine |
Full Text | THE HEALTH BULLETi:^^ 11 NOTICE TO PHYSICIANS Influence of A?e and Temperature on Antitoxin and Vaccine HE best temperature for the storage of all these biological products is between 32° and 41° Fahrenheit (0° to 15° C.). The average ice box, which with ice constantly present maintains a temperature between 32° and 60° F., is conceded to be satisfactory for all practical purposes. Diphtheria Antitoxin and Tetanus Antitoxin will lose about 10% of their potency in twelve months in ice box; they will lose about 10% in six months in room without ice in winter; and they will lose about 10% in three months in room without ice in summer. To offset this deterioration ''it is the custom of licensed manufacturers of diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin to place in their packages of antitoxin from 20 to 30 per cent excess." If fresh antitoxin is not at hand, there need be no hesitation in using old stock provided allowance is made for loss of potency, according to method of storing. Change of color and slight sediment in diphtheria antitoxin does not necessarily indicate contamination. The risk would be greater if injected intravenously than if injected subcutan-eously. SmaMpox Vaccine is good for two months if kept in ice box, but will lose potency in less than a week at room temperature in summer. In regard to Typhoid Vaccine, no satisfactory data is procurable, inasmuch as there is no potency standard for measuring its efficiency. The commercial typhoid vaccines are recommended as good for use for twelve months. The State Laboratory of Hygiene follows the U. S. Army in discarding all typhoid vaccine which is more than four months old. It is believed that no appreciable deterioration occurs during the one or two days necessary for transportation, but it is recommended that it be stored in ice box. Dr. C. a. Shore, Director State Laboratory of Hygiene, SANITATIOJf OF THE COUNTRY HOME What the Farmer Can Do to Make His Home Sanitary r is a new story especially to most X country people that the city is healthier than the country. It has not been long, however, since the reverse of this story was true, when country people were healthier than city people—when country people held it in mind that cities were in health as well as in morals Sodoms and Gomorrahs, centers of degeneration, due to wither and decay. But the tables have turned somewhat. Statistics show that the rural death-rate is higher than the urban, except in the small towns where there are no sanitary measures enforced and no pro- CLOSED WELLS ARt SAEEI? tected water supplies. This difference is particularly noticeable in the death-rate from typhoid fever and diarrheal or baby diseases. |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-04/nchh-04-030.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-b; nchh-04 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-04-030 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-04 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb1296443 |
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