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TEXTH BIE^'XIAL, EEPOKT. So The nietliod of the introduction of the niahirial poison, tlie phisnio-dinm, certainly tlie chief methml, lias been demonstrated beyond all question to be the sting of a certain variety of mosciuito known as anopheles, the common mos(iuito, which while more abundant is innocent as a carrier of disease, being known as ciilex. The latter species will breed in still water of any kind, no matter how pure, but the former, our enemy, will only breed in stagnant pools in which there is a certain amount of vegetable matter, especially if there are no fish, such as top minnows or sun-i»erch, which feed upon the larvae or wiggletails. This explains the fact that malaria is much more al)und-ant after freshets, in the course of which the stream, getting out of its I)anks, washes holes in the ground—and, speedily falling, leaves there stagnant pools with few or no fish in them. Mos^juitoes are very much more abundant this exceptional year of freshets than usual. It also explains the danger of brick holes. The larvae, or wiggletails. as we generally call them, are the young mosquitoes. Although they live in the water from the time they are hatched from the eggs which were laid on the siu'face until they reach maturity, they cannot live without air—they must breathe Contrary to the general rule, they breathe ''wrong end foremost' — through a long breathing tube which springs from the body near the tail and which they stick out of the top of the water when they want air. The bearing of this arrangement on their destruction will appear later. There is a popular misapprehension in regard to the movement of mosquitoes. The general impression is that they are carried by the wind, and people at the sea-side say that a land breeze brings mosquitoes. It is a fact that they are more abundant when the lu'eeze is from the land or in a calm, but according to those who know best the fact probably is not that they are blown from the swamps to landward, but that they simply come out again from the trees and shrubbery and the lea side of houses where they had taken refuge from the strong sea breeze which was too roiigh for their fragile bodies. With rare exceptions they travel, it is said, seldom more than a mile, and generally not so far. When one is troubled with mosquitoes a careful search will almost always reveal stagnant water in the near vicinity. The destruction of mosquitoes and the consequent prevention of malaria is accomplished in two ways: First and best, by the thorough drainage of all stagnant pools of water, and second, by keeping the surface of such pools covered with petroleum, what is known as light fuel oil, or even the crude petroleum being better and cheaper than ordinary kerosene. The film of oil prevents the larv?e from l»reathing and smothers them. Tlie quantity necessary is one ounce or two tablespoonfuls to every fifteen square feet of surface, repeated every two weeks. This oil method was employed with great success last year by the city of Winchester, Va., and our own town of Tarboro has recently shown a most commendal.de spirit of enter-
Object Description
Rating | |
Fixed Title * | NCHH-01: Biennial Report of the North Carolina Board of Health [1879-1908] |
Document Title | Biennial Report of the North Carolina Board of Heath [1879-1908] |
Subject Name | North Carolina. State Board of Health -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina. |
Creator | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh : News & Observer, 1881-1909. |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1903-1904 |
Identifier | NCHH-01-010 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 10 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-01/nchh-01-010.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-a; nchh-01 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-01-010 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-01 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb2375274 |
Description
Fixed Title * | Page 85 |
Document Title | Biennial Report of the North Carolina Board of Heath [1879-1908] |
Subject Name | North Carolina. State Board of Health -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina. |
Creator | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh : News & Observer, 1881-1909. |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1903-1904 |
Identifier | NCHH-01-010-0095 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Page Type | all; organizational news; report/review |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Filename | biennialreportof10nort_0095.jp2 |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 10 |
Page Number | 85 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Full Text | TEXTH BIE^'XIAL, EEPOKT. So The nietliod of the introduction of the niahirial poison, tlie phisnio-dinm, certainly tlie chief methml, lias been demonstrated beyond all question to be the sting of a certain variety of mosciuito known as anopheles, the common mos(iuito, which while more abundant is innocent as a carrier of disease, being known as ciilex. The latter species will breed in still water of any kind, no matter how pure, but the former, our enemy, will only breed in stagnant pools in which there is a certain amount of vegetable matter, especially if there are no fish, such as top minnows or sun-i»erch, which feed upon the larvae or wiggletails. This explains the fact that malaria is much more al)und-ant after freshets, in the course of which the stream, getting out of its I)anks, washes holes in the ground—and, speedily falling, leaves there stagnant pools with few or no fish in them. Mos^juitoes are very much more abundant this exceptional year of freshets than usual. It also explains the danger of brick holes. The larvae, or wiggletails. as we generally call them, are the young mosquitoes. Although they live in the water from the time they are hatched from the eggs which were laid on the siu'face until they reach maturity, they cannot live without air—they must breathe Contrary to the general rule, they breathe ''wrong end foremost' — through a long breathing tube which springs from the body near the tail and which they stick out of the top of the water when they want air. The bearing of this arrangement on their destruction will appear later. There is a popular misapprehension in regard to the movement of mosquitoes. The general impression is that they are carried by the wind, and people at the sea-side say that a land breeze brings mosquitoes. It is a fact that they are more abundant when the lu'eeze is from the land or in a calm, but according to those who know best the fact probably is not that they are blown from the swamps to landward, but that they simply come out again from the trees and shrubbery and the lea side of houses where they had taken refuge from the strong sea breeze which was too roiigh for their fragile bodies. With rare exceptions they travel, it is said, seldom more than a mile, and generally not so far. When one is troubled with mosquitoes a careful search will almost always reveal stagnant water in the near vicinity. The destruction of mosquitoes and the consequent prevention of malaria is accomplished in two ways: First and best, by the thorough drainage of all stagnant pools of water, and second, by keeping the surface of such pools covered with petroleum, what is known as light fuel oil, or even the crude petroleum being better and cheaper than ordinary kerosene. The film of oil prevents the larv?e from l»reathing and smothers them. Tlie quantity necessary is one ounce or two tablespoonfuls to every fifteen square feet of surface, repeated every two weeks. This oil method was employed with great success last year by the city of Winchester, Va., and our own town of Tarboro has recently shown a most commendal.de spirit of enter- |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-01/nchh-01-010.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-a; nchh-01 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-01-010 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-01 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb2375274 |
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