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FIFTEENTH BIEJs^NIAL REPORT 125 by a laborer with an oil tank, holding from five to ten gallons, strapped on his back, to which tank there is attached a pump and spraying nozzle. Along many of the ditches garbage cans and barrels, with small openings into which a spigot is fastened, are found. The container is filled with oil and the spigot set so as to allow oil to drop continuously in such quantity as the amount of water running along under the barrel requires to keep it free from mosquitoes. One is impressed with the great care and attention given to small collections of water in the Canal Zone that would probably be neglected or over looked in this country. Mosquito experts of the Department of Sanitation have found that the anopheles would breed in exceedingly small, shallow pools, even in collections of water not over one-eighth or one-sixteenth of an inch in depth. In addition to the work directed to the prevention of the mosquito by the destruction of his breeding place there are other important measures, which have proven very effective in keeping down malaria, directed to the destruction of the adult mosquito. Chief among these is thorough screening of the homes, and especially the sleeping quarters of large numbers of employees. The Sanitary Department recommends only eighteen mesh wire, as sixteen mesh will allow the passage of certain varieties of mosquites. Copper wire is used as a matter of economy, as steel or iron wire would soon rust. One is everywhere impressed with the attention to details in the sanitary work, and in no matter is this impression so strong as in the manner of screening the houses. The screening must be complete to be effective. The point is made that a poorly screened house may be worse than no screen at all, as it may admit mosquitoes and interfere with their leaving—acting thereby as a form of trap. The effectiveness of screening in reducing malaria has been very well demonstrated at Gatun. Gatun has a population of about 15,000 people, about half of the population live in screened quarters and the other half in unscreened quarters. There is two-thirds as much malaria among those living in unscreened quarters as among those living in screened quarters; indicating that screening reduces malarial incidence one-third. A trap on the order of a fly trap that fits in the place of the transoms over the doors is used to some advantage. Frequently one of these traps is found on one side of the house turned in, so as to catch mosquitoes attempting to enter the house, and on the other side of the house will be a trap turned out, so as to catch the mosquitoes leaving the house. Hence, ''they get 'em goin' and comin'." Another form of mosquito destruction that has been very effective is what is called the ''hand catch" method. Ordinary laborers are equipped with small vials four and one-half inches deep and an inch wide containing a small bit of cotton in the bottom saturated with chloroform, and then with a bicycle lamp they go into the sleeping quarters of the employees (not in private homes), and by throwing the rays of the light in the dark corners, behind doors and on the walls that are usually shaded, they pick out the resting mosquito and carefully slip the open mouth of the vial over him, and so he is caught. In one of the camps over 22,000 mosquitoes were caught in this way within a week. About ten mosquitoes are caught by the "hand catch" method to one in the traps. About one-third of the mosquitoes caught are of the anopheles variety, and two-thirds of them are culices. The effectiveness of the "hand catch" method has been proven by the ability of the
Object Description
Rating | |
Fixed Title * | NCHH-02: Biennial Report of the North Carolina State Board of Health [1909-1972] |
Document Title | Biennial Report of the North Carolina State Board of Health [1909-1972] |
Subject Name | North Carolina. State Board of Health -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina. |
Description | Publication began with the 13th (1909/1910); ceased with the 44th (1970/1972) |
Creator | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh : The Board, 1911- |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1913-1914 |
Identifier | NCHH-02-015 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 15 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-02/nchh-02-015.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-a; nchh-02 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-02-015 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-02 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb2375275 |
Description
Fixed Title * | Page 125 |
Document Title | Biennial Report of the North Carolina State Board of Health [1909-1972] |
Subject Name | North Carolina. State Board of Health -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina. |
Description | Publication began with the 13th (1909/1910); ceased with the 44th (1970/1972) |
Creator | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh : The Board, 1911- |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1913-1914 |
Identifier | NCHH-02-015-0129 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Page Type | all; report/review |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Filename | biennialreportof15nort_0129.jp2 |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 15 |
Page Number | 125 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Full Text | FIFTEENTH BIEJs^NIAL REPORT 125 by a laborer with an oil tank, holding from five to ten gallons, strapped on his back, to which tank there is attached a pump and spraying nozzle. Along many of the ditches garbage cans and barrels, with small openings into which a spigot is fastened, are found. The container is filled with oil and the spigot set so as to allow oil to drop continuously in such quantity as the amount of water running along under the barrel requires to keep it free from mosquitoes. One is impressed with the great care and attention given to small collections of water in the Canal Zone that would probably be neglected or over looked in this country. Mosquito experts of the Department of Sanitation have found that the anopheles would breed in exceedingly small, shallow pools, even in collections of water not over one-eighth or one-sixteenth of an inch in depth. In addition to the work directed to the prevention of the mosquito by the destruction of his breeding place there are other important measures, which have proven very effective in keeping down malaria, directed to the destruction of the adult mosquito. Chief among these is thorough screening of the homes, and especially the sleeping quarters of large numbers of employees. The Sanitary Department recommends only eighteen mesh wire, as sixteen mesh will allow the passage of certain varieties of mosquites. Copper wire is used as a matter of economy, as steel or iron wire would soon rust. One is everywhere impressed with the attention to details in the sanitary work, and in no matter is this impression so strong as in the manner of screening the houses. The screening must be complete to be effective. The point is made that a poorly screened house may be worse than no screen at all, as it may admit mosquitoes and interfere with their leaving—acting thereby as a form of trap. The effectiveness of screening in reducing malaria has been very well demonstrated at Gatun. Gatun has a population of about 15,000 people, about half of the population live in screened quarters and the other half in unscreened quarters. There is two-thirds as much malaria among those living in unscreened quarters as among those living in screened quarters; indicating that screening reduces malarial incidence one-third. A trap on the order of a fly trap that fits in the place of the transoms over the doors is used to some advantage. Frequently one of these traps is found on one side of the house turned in, so as to catch mosquitoes attempting to enter the house, and on the other side of the house will be a trap turned out, so as to catch the mosquitoes leaving the house. Hence, ''they get 'em goin' and comin'." Another form of mosquito destruction that has been very effective is what is called the ''hand catch" method. Ordinary laborers are equipped with small vials four and one-half inches deep and an inch wide containing a small bit of cotton in the bottom saturated with chloroform, and then with a bicycle lamp they go into the sleeping quarters of the employees (not in private homes), and by throwing the rays of the light in the dark corners, behind doors and on the walls that are usually shaded, they pick out the resting mosquito and carefully slip the open mouth of the vial over him, and so he is caught. In one of the camps over 22,000 mosquitoes were caught in this way within a week. About ten mosquitoes are caught by the "hand catch" method to one in the traps. About one-third of the mosquitoes caught are of the anopheles variety, and two-thirds of them are culices. The effectiveness of the "hand catch" method has been proven by the ability of the |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-02/nchh-02-015.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-a; nchh-02 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-02-015 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-02 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb2375275 |
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