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Twenty-first Biennial Reiport 51 Probable Causes for Decrease in Malaria in the Area While it is impossible to state the exact amount of malaria which used to be present, there seems to be no doubt that formerly the disease was very prevalent. The fact that 45% of the people of the county were found with parasites is indicative of this especially during the autumn. It also seems to be true that the incidence of malaria has decreased remarkably in the past three or four years, I shall now take up some of the possible causes of this decrease. 1. Intensive Quinine Treatments in 1923 and Succeeding Years. As already described, examination in 1923 showed 45% of the people with one or more classes of malaria parasites in their blood. The indications are that the intensive treatment was successful. Fifty-six (56) people now present took the full course of treatment prescribed, and 12 others completed part of the course. In addition to the 1923 campaign, in 1924 and again in 1925, blood smears were made from a large number of people in the area, and those positive were urged to take treatment. The fact that quinine sales increased about 10 times in 1923 indicates that a large amount was used. The intensive treatments of 1923 doubtless sterilized the blood of a fairly large percentage of the population that year, and the treatments of the succeeding years did the same thing for a lesser number. Even in the presence of the vector in considerable numbers, this must have had an effect in reducing the transmission. The rainfall of 1923 was only slightly below normal, probably not enough so to influence the amount of anopheles breeding. It is the consensus of opinion that quinine treatments was the greatest single factor in reducing malaria in that year, although it alone probably cannot be held responsible for the decrease. Perhaps the greatest good from this campaign, however, was the popularization of quinine in adequate doses for chills. The lessons learned that year have certainly not been forgotten. It is common to find people who are now taking quinine every autumn, because they were taught to do so by the health officials. They also use it whenever they have a chill, instead of chill tonic; and they use it in large enough doses to have a therapeutic effect. 2. Rainfall. The rainfall in 1923 was slightly below normal; that of 1924 fifteen inches above normal, and a slight increase in the amount of malaria probably occurred, but 1925, and 1926 have been years of abnormally low rainfall. At the time of the 1926 survey, all the usual water courses were dry, or practically so. Conditions were distinctly unfavorable for mosquito breeding, and as a consequence the mosquito index was undoubtedly low and hence transmission was perhaps almost nil. It would be interesting to see what effect the late August rains will have on breeding. 3. Drainage. While a drainage district has been formed and is in operation in an adjoining area, the value of the land does not permit such a district to be formed in South Creek. As stated elsewhere, natural drainage is probably good except in a few low-lying areas, and this drainage has been
Object Description
Rating | |
Fixed Title * | NCHH-02: Biennial Report of the North Carolina State Board of Health [1909-1972] |
Document Title | Biennial Report of the North Carolina State Board of Health [1909-1972] |
Subject Name | North Carolina. State Board of Health -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina. |
Description | Publication began with the 13th (1909/1910); ceased with the 44th (1970/1972) |
Creator | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh : The Board, 1911- |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1924-1926 |
Identifier | NCHH-02-021 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 21 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-02/nchh-02-021.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-a; nchh-02 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-02-021 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-02 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb2375275 |
Description
Fixed Title * | Page 51 |
Document Title | Biennial Report of the North Carolina State Board of Health [1909-1972] |
Subject Name | North Carolina. State Board of Health -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical | Public health -- North Carolina -- Statistics -- Periodicals. |
Subject Topical Other | Public Health -- North Carolina. |
Description | Publication began with the 13th (1909/1910); ceased with the 44th (1970/1972) |
Creator | North Carolina. State Board of Health. |
Publisher | Raleigh : The Board, 1911- |
Repository | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Health Sciences Library. |
Host | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
Date | 1924-1926 |
Identifier | NCHH-02-021-0055 |
Form General | Periodicals |
Page Type | all; report/review |
Language | English |
Rights | This item is part of the North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection. Some materials in the Collection are protected by U.S. copyright law. This item is presented by the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for research and educational purposes. It may not be republished or distributed without permission of the Health Sciences Library. |
Filename | biennialreportof21nort_0055.jp2 |
Digital Collection | North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection |
Sponsor | The North Carolina History of Health Digital Collection is an open access publishing initiative of the Health Sciences Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Financial support for the initiative was provided in part by a multi-year NC ECHO (Exploring Cultural Heritage Online) digitization grant, awarded by the State Library of North Carolina, and funded through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). |
Volume Number | 21 |
Page Number | 51 |
Health Discipline | Public Health |
Full Text | Twenty-first Biennial Reiport 51 Probable Causes for Decrease in Malaria in the Area While it is impossible to state the exact amount of malaria which used to be present, there seems to be no doubt that formerly the disease was very prevalent. The fact that 45% of the people of the county were found with parasites is indicative of this especially during the autumn. It also seems to be true that the incidence of malaria has decreased remarkably in the past three or four years, I shall now take up some of the possible causes of this decrease. 1. Intensive Quinine Treatments in 1923 and Succeeding Years. As already described, examination in 1923 showed 45% of the people with one or more classes of malaria parasites in their blood. The indications are that the intensive treatment was successful. Fifty-six (56) people now present took the full course of treatment prescribed, and 12 others completed part of the course. In addition to the 1923 campaign, in 1924 and again in 1925, blood smears were made from a large number of people in the area, and those positive were urged to take treatment. The fact that quinine sales increased about 10 times in 1923 indicates that a large amount was used. The intensive treatments of 1923 doubtless sterilized the blood of a fairly large percentage of the population that year, and the treatments of the succeeding years did the same thing for a lesser number. Even in the presence of the vector in considerable numbers, this must have had an effect in reducing the transmission. The rainfall of 1923 was only slightly below normal, probably not enough so to influence the amount of anopheles breeding. It is the consensus of opinion that quinine treatments was the greatest single factor in reducing malaria in that year, although it alone probably cannot be held responsible for the decrease. Perhaps the greatest good from this campaign, however, was the popularization of quinine in adequate doses for chills. The lessons learned that year have certainly not been forgotten. It is common to find people who are now taking quinine every autumn, because they were taught to do so by the health officials. They also use it whenever they have a chill, instead of chill tonic; and they use it in large enough doses to have a therapeutic effect. 2. Rainfall. The rainfall in 1923 was slightly below normal; that of 1924 fifteen inches above normal, and a slight increase in the amount of malaria probably occurred, but 1925, and 1926 have been years of abnormally low rainfall. At the time of the 1926 survey, all the usual water courses were dry, or practically so. Conditions were distinctly unfavorable for mosquito breeding, and as a consequence the mosquito index was undoubtedly low and hence transmission was perhaps almost nil. It would be interesting to see what effect the late August rains will have on breeding. 3. Drainage. While a drainage district has been formed and is in operation in an adjoining area, the value of the land does not permit such a district to be formed in South Creek. As stated elsewhere, natural drainage is probably good except in a few low-lying areas, and this drainage has been |
Digital Format | JPEG 2000 |
Print / Download PDF Version | http://archives.hsl.unc.edu/nchh/nchh-02/nchh-02-021.pdf |
Document Sort | all; group-a; nchh-02 |
Volume Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/identi/searchterm/NCHH-02-021 |
Title Link | http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/search/collection/nchh/field/documa/searchterm/NCHH-02 |
Catalog Record link | http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb2375275 |
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